NEOCONSERVADURISM AND NEOLIBERALISM The global confrontation of economic doctrines

The paradox of neo-conservatism and neoliberalism is based on the fact that the former follows the guidelines of economic protectionism, and the second is based on the free market, and the most surprising is that the former can be considered a kind of neocommunism, the ironies of life.

       And even more ironic is that since the mid-1980s (to say the closest in historical terms), it is precisely the small and medium-sized entrepreneurs who in the long run have been able to benefit from globalization, not only economic, but Also in the cultural aspect given the prevailing hyper connectivity in which the world today is.

       This is a rare competition for large oligopolies, holding companies and major multinationals. It is as if the social and doctrinal conflict between the medieval aristocracy and the group of so-called bourgeoisie survived. The political situation that has been happening in the United States, which is foreseen, will also happen in some European countries such as England, for example, has been rather a kind of civil war expressed at the polls.

       It may be a momentary reaction on the part of conservative societies (because even young people are conservative) in response to successive structural economic changes. It seems as if the history, in which groups of workers burned factories during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as considered harmful to them and a serious danger to the future, a matter that was overcome at the time, was repeated, returning to the lane, harassing and Ancient concept of nationalism.

       Economic ideological clashes have been so radical that they have resulted in civil wars, revolutions, and conventional wars between nations. Perhaps the recoverable of the political phenomena that have occurred in recent years (we must also remember the so-called Arab Spring), is that in all social sectors has entered into a kind of reflections, what has been done, what is there, and what remains to be done.

       Be that as it may, I prefer that both neo-conservatism and neoliberalism be limited to a world-wide confrontation of economic doctrines, and that society expresses its anxiety and fears in the voting of any political election that is held, I prefer that to return the frightful memories of a war.

TRUMP'S ECONOMIC WAR HAS BEGUN

As a neo-communist, is the qualification that would fit Donald Trump. The closing of borders to a social sector of immigrants, increase of tariffs to imported products, reduction of taxes to big companies and multimillionaires with the hypothetical purpose that these entities and personages will grant a greater increase in the employment to the North Americans, are some Of the characteristics of the new (with dubious legitimacy by the subject of the Russian intervention in the elections) president of the USA.

       The diplomatic confrontation with the Chinese government, then with the Japanese government, and then with the Mexican government, is just the beginning of an economic war initiated by the neo-communist Trump, in addition, because in an unprecedented way, it seeks a certain closeness with the government Russian, historical enemies in the military and economic field. And like all war, there will be victories and defeats, and then the question is, who will be the most harmed?

       Paradoxically, neo-communism seeks to protect the interests of large holdings because simply globalization also benefits, save the proportions, medium and small entrepreneurs. Now, that Trump economic war will generate more employment in the US? Reflection is on the side effects of economic policies.

       Trump's negotiations with entrepreneurs are not such, they are either a kind of threat to business, or a kind of bribe to entrepreneurs. The long-term effect of this neocommunist, who always treats people as if they were the servants of their mansions, is only one. The economic devastation of the United States of America. For the sample a Russia, a North Korea, a Venezuela ... so many horrible things that have authoritarianism, or in the words of Hannah Arendt, when referring to totalitarianisms.

THE RUSSIAN GENOCIDE IN ALEPO

       While there are many political and economic interests clashing in the terrible civil war in Syria, the world is witnessing a genocide once again showing the irrationality of a few people who act as world "leaders", simply because Have at the top of government powers devoting themselves to manipulating public opinion in which the main victims are vulnerable populations, because there is no solution in sight.

       While the tragedies caused by the aggressive policies of the so-called US pre-emptive war over decades against poor and defenseless countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan cannot be hidden, and the timid reaction of European powers against abuses in these invasions, the Putin factor in the participation of the civil war in Syria continues to worry.

       Not only by constant bombardment of hospitals, ambulances and schools, but also by open support for Al-Assad, a dictator who, independently of his logic of power, has not been timid in ordering massacres against the civilian population, that Putin's government close relationship. But the fact that issues such as freedoms and respect for human rights is not conceived in Russian geopolitical thinking.

       That is, that Putin is a dictator in the full sense of the concept, there are no political ideologies, there is only maintaining power at any cost, so that means continuing the genocide in Aleppo. And worse, as Angela Merkel once mentioned, civil society and social organizations come together to protest and protest against trivial matters, but no moves have yet been made against the genocide in Aleppo, which is really a reflection Of all Syria, and most likely will continue to spread in some countries as it is happening right now in South Sudan.

       Why were there protests and demonstrations in the Vietnam War? Why have there been social movements against conflicts in different parts of the world? Why is no one protesting against the genocide in Syria? Is society sick as Martín Luther King Jr. would say? Or what is worse has society reached an extreme insensitivity? Or, is civil war really in Syria a war that nobody cares about, does not it matter to you?

       What is missing is that the thousands and thousands of refugees cross the borders of European and Asian countries and begin to reach Latin America, and right there begin to cross the US and Canada border by thousands and thousands, and perhaps Neighborhood to install tents because they are fleeing from the war, and then, perhaps, we realize that it is necessary to raise a cry against the irrationality of a meaningless war.

THE FARCE OF NATURAL SELECTION

       Never in my life have I heard of the very concept of natural selection, what do they mean? What definition exists when speaking of natural or nature? Is nature a great monster or abstract thinker who thinks and acts on what composes it? Does nature know the times, the limits, the spaces and all the complexity that is required so that the selection of which so much is justified those that speak of it obtains a sufficient explanation on any anomaly or transformation of the nature?

       There is an obvious answer to all of the above, and it is that there is no natural selection, it is a farce, it is simply the deviation and de-virtualization of the exact sciences, since by being exact they do not manage to accommodate many of the details that nature requires and that it is necessary to explain. Then, it is when concepts that are not related to the exact sciences appear, in this way we are looking for a rapprochement or a connection between what is exact and what is not, ie it is as if a brick cannot accommodate itself to the corner of A work and for this it is necessary to fill it with a mixture of cement and water, or when to finalize a detail of some artistic work it is necessary to go to other methods in order to give it that touch-up that is needed.

       Of course, since the exact thing is equivalent to ninety-five percent (95%) of the total observation and study of nature and its phenomena, it is abused to force an explanation of that other five percent (5%). That it is necessary to give him that touch-up or filling that is needed in order to complete any scientific study, academic observation, theoretical or any of the argumentative forms developed by people who insist that nature is a kind of thinking entity that makes decisions As if to speak of natural selection.

       And how is it possible that the academic world, in most cases, approve such a mental and imaginary farce? Very surely, just as when you touch the picture or fill a work under construction it looks almost perfect, so much so that it is not even noticed. In the same way, the global explanation to the study of nature and its phenomena is almost perfect and does not notice that retouching or filling, then is satisfied the explanations, in fact, when it becomes impossible to give that retouch or fill To the easy and irresponsible argument that it is an enigma or a scientific mystery that remains to be studied.

       And the most terrible of all is that these farces and satisfactory explanations are hierarchized to stigmatize other explanations or arguments, also academic, as if they were priests of science who dare to point out whether the refutations that are made in The framework of the development of the academic disciplines and the thought of a society.

HEROIN ANONYMS IN THE INDEPENDENCE OF COLOMBIA

WOMEN: anonymous in Latin American history

(Introduction)

       The women participated actively before, during and after the process of Independence of Colombia. Although there are many writings on heroines that were protagonists during the historical development of the Independence from 1810, there is an army of women who equally fulfilled a series of papers that meant in the last instance the definitive Independence.

       Who were these women? Why were they the heroes of Independence? What role did they play? What were the myths, symbols and imaginaries of the Woman of Independence that was created by reason of the revolutions? What did they think and what was their purpose in supporting the independence cause? What was the mentality of women in the early nineteenth century? What was the attitude of women to the military, political, economic and cultural development that was transforming the society of the nascent republic?

       In the first place, those armies of women, the heroes of Independence, are identified in historical records. They range from the humblest to the powerful, all of which met specific goals from political decision-making to the military actions that took place across the nation. There are those from very young to ethnic groups, or those that became the engine that encouraged the mood of the populations in which each was leader.

       Allusive to the courage of women, their determination, their audacity, sometimes it was simply a task, that is, when characters like Simón Bolívar or some other witness that left some of the outstanding facts of the women of The time was made more by the impressions left by women for their actions than by the concern to write about the complex role of women in all social, political, economic and cultural spheres.

       The anonymous heroines of Independence in Colombia are the reflection of women during the other pro-independence processes. Factors such as trade and social processes allowed generating identity in Latin American women. The Independence of Colombia meant the Independence of other nations, meant to participate in the same political processes that took place in the rest of the continent and this, in turn, meant a leading role for Women throughout Latin America.

       Many foreign women, those who did not belong to the neogranadino viceroyalty or who were not Creoles participated also in the process of Independence, were equally protagonists. They suffered the rigors of battles, stigmatizations, persecutions, and also met social, political, economic and cultural objectives that consolidated the cause of independence.

The Woman: protagonist

 "A perpetual cage should be her coat if she were not sentenced to death, for there is no doubt that she has lost her mind, and she is mad mad."

     Many men woke up with the idea of ​​Independence, but women never ceased to be surprised when confronted with adverse situations, and in the face of their determination the most -commendable- was not to try to provoke it.

       The qualifiers to stigmatize or disqualify as the one who has lost the judgment or who has gone crazy what it did was to feed that monster that men "saw" that was inside the women and therefore had to be very careful with them .

       When a woman did not obey orders not from her superiors but from her enemies, she made the punishments that applied to her useless. The same thing happened with the women in the prisons, they suffered all kinds of harassment, many of them were shot or banished, in many other ways women showed loyalty to their ideals.

 "Go and die with the men, we women will march forward: we will present our breasts to the cannon and the shrapnel unloads upon us, and the men will follow us and whom we have saved from the first discharge, pass over our corpses, seize the Artillery and liberate the fatherland "

       The legends of women generated during the time of Independence are part of history, social, political, economic and cultural processes and this also represents a way of thinking, a paradigm. And it is this phrase that emphasizes its protagonism, it is that cry that gives a mother to her son that allows to distinguish the discourse of the Woman in the historical processes, it can be said then, that at the same time this mother is addressing to all her Generation, that is, it would be transformed into a war cry.

       And what, my lady, is your offering so spontaneous and timely? A patriot officer asks a woman who is also a patriot and she answers "They are five of my children" (this is to be part of the liberating army) ... "these are elements that imply responsibility, detachment and a series of implications that Could only be understood by understanding the force of the woman for the thought of the time.

       The authority and the power of the woman in the family in front of the estates of the society like the religious or commercial maintained and increased the heroism before some epopéyicos facts as they were the executions during the denominated time of the terror in the frame of the reconquest of The royalist troops.

Here is a legendary anecdote that shows the strength of the woman of independence:

       "Manuela Beltran had ignited the fervor in Socorro, on March 16; but it was Black Magdalene who, on the 30th of the same month and in the same city, put the men on the warpath. It was Friday market day. At one o'clock the plaza of Chiquinquirá was filled with people, although no one stopped the market. When the bell rang, the bell rang in the church and someone threw a flying sign, an agreed signal for a massive meeting in the Plaza Mayor. There was a lot of shouting and little play. At three in the afternoon the mood began to be paid. Suddenly a mulatta, over thirty-five, known to all as the Black Magdalena, stood in front of the door of the tobacco administration and asked in a loud voice: 'Who can defend the king's weapons?' The audacity of the question took the protesters unprepared. There was a few seconds of silence and someone finally shouted, 'Noooo!' And behind that voice another thousand repeated a 'Noooo!' Clamorous. La Negra Magdalena had a second question to the tumultuaries: 'Is there anyone who stands up for the defense of tobacco income?' The 'Nooo!' 'This time was chanted immediately. La Negra Magdalena asked her third question: 'Is there anyone who protects this waterproofing?' The 'Noooo' unanimous was reiterated. Someone said: 'Woe to whoever protects this watertight!' La Negra Magdalena had no further questions, took a stone of great caliber and with infallible marksmanship she burst it over the royal arms placed on the lindel of the third of the tobacconist. The neighbors broke the fear imposed on them by those shields, symbol of the power of a distant and despotic authority. "

Regarding the previous anecdote, it must be borne in mind that the teaching of the Creole girls was carried out in the nunneries and in the schools -internados- that had been established for them. The educational project was the same as that presented in the colleges of New Spain; Integral formation of the woman as a Christian and preparing it at the same time to -clear the house- and to act in that society of which they were part and that is defined then as the -good policy. This opened the way for them to realize their lives in the convent or the home through Christian marriage unigamo and indissoluble.

       The ideal was obedience on the part of the woman and obtain the degree of knowledge sufficient to be a kind of good woman, this also applied to indigenous women, in short, and women were educated to provide a good service to the house and community. However, the revolutions of Independence revealed the real capacity of women in all walks of life.

       Among the women protagonists in the process of Independence of Colombia are: Madame Julienne was the one who in Jamaica served as refuge to Simon Bolivar. Andrea Ricaurte de Lozano, wife of Don Judas Tadeo Lozano, house that was like the headquarters, the Bogota center of the conspiracy against the realists.

       There were women like Antonia Santos who, desperate for the outrages, humiliations and humiliations that passed on the patriots, reflected on these situations and often gave them a feeling of just demand that already demanded the end of so many sorrows and pains, decided to organize and pay with His home the famous Comoro guerrilla, whose center of activities was mainly his home in El Hatillo.

       Heroine remembered (almost forgotten) is Rita Duque de Montoya, Antioquia. To the fall of the Republic (about 1816), had outstanding features of generosity to give freedom to many patriots confined in prisons. Such acts are heroic in that it was a time of war, terror and intimidation, and any action could mean death.

       Another prostitute was the slave Josefa Conde, who worked together with Josefa Castro (his mistress) in collecting weapons, men and horses for war. For this reason, she was sacrificed with her slave girl on September 13, 1817.

       Significant events carried out a series of heroines such as Ana Maria Martinez de Nisser of Sonson, who "(...) becomes famous as a heroic fighter in Salamis, May 4, 1841, and dies on November 18, 1872." Leonor Guerra, "Natural heroine-martyr of Cartagena, publicly beaten for defending the patriots, died as a result of punishment"

       There is also Eugenia Arrazola who was "Heroine-natural martyr of Turbaco, shot by Morillo in the hacienda of 'Torrecilla', located at a medium distance between Cartagena and that city. Its execution took place the 30 of August of 1815 for having been proven to him that served as a link for the transmission of the news to his compatriots besieged in Cartagena ".

       And Estefanía Parra who was "a patriot of humble cradle but of an intimate interest for his beloved homeland. It was one of the key elements in the Battle of Boyacá, because it was she who collaborated opportunely with Santander on the crucial problem of the passage of the Boyacá River ...”

Epilogue:

       Women in the history of the Independence of Colombia must be written as a historical claim against androcentrism, must assume the role of Women in all social fields, from their role in battles such as those that helped, among other things, in such elementary issues as embroidery were key factors in the triumph and consolidation of the nation's independence.

       In the different celebrations, anonymous women should be especially written and remembered. In this order of ideas, it is worth remembering for the bicentenaries some heroines such as:

Gabriela Barriga, wife of Villavicencio (exiled to Anolaima), Barbara Forero, is a companion of the Matilde who appeared in public to harangue; He pretended to have an open public school in his home to teach his fellow countrymen beautiful manners. He is from Zipaquira and has been banished to Sesca.

Anonymous anonymous exiles were:

       The wife of Fruto Gutiérrez is also the family of Girardot. It must be remembered that many of the women were imprisoned or banished because of the pro-independence revolutions, such as Carlota Armero, who was shot by the Spanish officer Santacruz in his native city on May 28, 1816.

       There are also legends of heroines, eventually formed by what might be called "war cries", for example, in the different cries such as "Viva Santa Fe and chapetones die!" Or "We women ( (...) "show the dynamism, show the drama and the passion it aroused among the inhabitants of each province, the fact is that the same political effervescence would be concentrated in the province of Santafe.

       The courage of the woman is always enclosed by a golden one, in the sense that for the time (1810-1816), a rebellious woman was considered potentially dangerous. And this was increased by the execution of many women who turned those moments into heroic legends. The following case is an example of this:

"Women set an example for soldiers; A brave patriot advancing with a sword in his hand, asked a woman to depart to occupy the place; She insults him and says: 'Will not the stone that I cast will have as much effect as its blows?' And stood firm in the post’

       It should be remembered that not only the notables, but even Simon Bolivar, considered the inept and incapable of the population in general, whether they were supposed to be liberal or conservative ideals, this excuse served not only for "women... Under the age of twenty-five (...) "but to start a long history of political limitations and deprivations throughout the territory of the future republic.

       "After the conquest of the convent and surrender of the Spanish troops was completed, in which, according to Father Afanador, an eyewitness of the events, many women of the town took part actively, which he saw saw his climbs together with his men in the Trestles of the roofs firing with cannons made of guadua bundled with vines, and many in the square throwing stones of considerable weight against the Spanish soldiers ...”

Conclusion:

        Women not only contributed to the cause of independence, but also was the motor, development and consolidation inherent in the Independence of Colombia and Latin American nations. By participating in independence processes in factors such as logistics, resources, moral support can be summarized the role of women in independence and many anonymous heroines.

DOCUMENTARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES

Caballero, José María, Diario de la patria boba, incunables, Bogotá, 1986, Page 69.

Rodríguez Plata, Horacio, The old province of Socorro and Independencia, publishing publications, Bogotá, 1963.

Coy Montaña, Alberto (director), Sogamoso 450 years, Graphic Workshops, Tunja, S.F.

Gómez Gómez, Amanda, Women heroines in Colombia and made warriors, first edition, Interpres, Medellín, 1978.

Gutiérrez Isaza, Elvia, Heroic history of the women heroes of Colombia, Municipal press, Medellín.

Hilario López, José, "Fusilamiento of Policarpa Salavarrieta", in: Melo, Jorge Orlando (compiler), Report of the history of Colombia, Vol. 1, planet, Bogota, 1989.

Muriel, Josefina, Women of Spanish America, Mapfre collections, Spain, 1992.

Sánchez Durango, Amelia, Women: A history of mentalities. The West of Antioquia 1717-1820, IDEA, Medellín, 2001.

Santos Molano, Enrique, Liberating women. The Polycarps of Independence, Planeta, Bogotá, 2010.

Ortega Ricaurte, Daniel, Quicentennial Album, Colombian Academy of History, Bogotá, S.F.

Ortega, José, "Patriot Ladies", in: Bulletin of History and Antiquities, No. 119-120, Editorial Black Eagle, September-October 1916, Bogota, Page 733.

Rodríguez Gómez, Juan Camilo, "The Independence of the Socorro in the genesis of the Colombian emancipation", in: Credencial History, No. 242, Colombian printer S.A, Bogota, February of 2010, Page 07.

Restrepo, Ernesto et al, "Centennial of Mariquita", in: Bulletin of History and Antiquities, No. 110, National Academy of History, June 1915, Bogotá, p.

SO WILL THE WAR IN COLOMBIA AFTER BEING REJECTED THE PEACE AGREEMENT

  As it was unthinkable to foresee that the option did not win the plebiscite as evidently happened, basically there is no plan b as would a government official. In other words, plain and simply there is no possibility of backtracking on the agreement, in political terms, four years of negotiations were repealed with the vote on October 2, and as everyone the million dollar question is ... and what will happen now?

       It is clear, and that constantly remind members of the FARC, they will never accept a prison and any kind of subjugation. It is also clear, and that constantly remind leaders of Uribe, who in their demands to approach the peace process is the fact that you must modify some points of the agreements, including a submission to the ordinary courts, that is, prison is required for members of the FARC secretariat. And finally, it is clear that the national government cannot do anything about it to amend agreements because, as they say engaged couples to discuss and agree something needs two partners, that the FARC would be those They decide, ultimately, to amend the agreements, and that, for now, will never happen.

       Under this scenario dialectical logic (and political logic) is as follows: The national government, led by President Santos, what he is doing, it is to give long a dead process, ie, will be dedicated to serving the opposition then go out and tell the public that the alternatives, etc., etc., knowing full well that nothing can be done, it will be a kind of slow death will be evaluated. The FARC know they have little time for the deadline, although the defense minister calm tempers saying it could be extended within the bilateral cease.

       Noting the delegates of the FARC that there is nothing to do, that any attempt to talks mean losing time because, unlike the situation that was before the final signing, in this case, since everything is agreed. Then be removed from the table in Havana a few days of October finalized. Santos may grant an extension of the ceasefire, but wear four years of talks and disappointment of the plebiscite will only motivate the FARC intern in their camps and then decide to resume the dynamics of war.

       In the same way that the political movement Democratic Centre has always sought to accuse guilty of anything to any organization or person, this, head of former President Uribe, who has had a history of accused terrorists to anyone who contradicts them. In the same way, the FARC will seek blame for the political catastrophe they suffered, that is, hate, and this time with more strength, that entire democratic center is called, this movement will be designated as war aim, and the first in the list it is of course the president Uribe.

       At some point Santos warned of the possibility that the war would move to the cities, and this is possible because the FARC have committed two separate terrorist acts in cities like Cali, Medellin and Bogota. Now, the difficulty of an armed confrontation on the streets of major cities is an unlikely option, unless they decide to take control of some peripheral territories.

       But historically the fact of war in Colombia in the cities has resulted in terrorist attacks using car bombs and attacks hired assassins. Then, it would not be far from reality consider repeating these facts as retaliation FARC, something that was not supposed to happen when the agreement came into force. A bomb attack on an office of the Democratic Center or against one of its leaders could destabilize public order to the extent that the resurgence of paramilitary groups would be just around the corner, repeating the awful history of civil war that took place in Colombia during the 1980s and 1990s.

THE DISAPPEARANCE OF COMMUNISM AND CAPITALISM PARADIGMAS

 Communism and capitalism as concepts and ideologies served as geopolitical paradigm in the twentieth century. Such concepts notoriously influenced the evolution of political, economic, social and cultural thought, to the point of transforming certain both Western and Eastern customs, but, what will be the paradigm of reference for the XXI century?

       Is totally anachronistic consider communism and capitalism as ideological, as doctrines, it is out of the new realities, and insist on this, would become a fundamentalist over both religious followers ultra-Orthodox who fill the world of hatred and rancor, destroying a large extent, creativity, development of thought and so many things that basically what it does is generate economic and institutional crisis.

       Communism as anachronistic ideology, because politicians and academics as reference what was the USSR and the writings of Marx at the time have been destroyed and past history as a kind of myth, simply the USSR does not exist as a political entity and Marxist thoughts have no basis to support their economic theories, it has simply been replaced by new paradigms.

       About capitalism, it is anachronistic in terms of its industrial design. It was the great road map during the twentieth century and faced other ideologies, translated into the political and economic liberalism. Also insist it is foolish and also tends to ideological fundamentalism. The major developed countries that both boasted of capitalism as England, USA, Japan, among many others, have transformed their systems and economic doctrines according to changing realities, as information technologies, the emergence of new consumer trends in addition, new social relations that have nothing to do with the conceptions of the past, have made one more myth of capitalism in societies.

       You need to change the paradigm; aspects like market have given rise to new political elements which in turn have been transformed thinking, what are these new concepts? Perhaps talks of postmodernity contribute something, but the same development of societies changing conceptions of reality, but it is necessary to reflect on it, and not fall into the ambiguity and anachronism of communism and capitalism.